Questions of Membership (Set)

These questions take relatively lesser time to solve,allowing one to have greater accuracy. In these questions, you are required to define the relationship diagrammatically between the two or three contents given. The questions in this case are based upon the knowledge of universal facts.

In such questions, the candidate is expected to establish a relationship among three or more items represented by diagrams.This requires a logical understanding and careful observation of the diagrams.The items represented by the diagrams may be individuals, groups,class/category of individuals, or some other phenomenon. Generally two types of questions are asked in this category. Given below are some questions of the first type.

Type I: In this case, three/four categories are given in terms of diagram followed by four or five questions based on those categories.Let us take an example. The triangle represents the urban, the circle represents the educated and the rectangle represents hardworking.

This above-mentioned diagram will giveyou the idea of how you are supposed to answer the questions in this case.

Example No. 1:The following questions are based on the diagram given below where each rectangle represents a class of people:

1) College Students         2)Artists       3) Dancers

a) College students who are artists but not dancers are represented by …………..

Solution: It can be seen that the students (in rectangle no. 1) and artists (in rectangle no. 2) but not dancers (not in rectangle no. 3) is represented by the letter B and is the right answer.

b) Artists who are neither dancers nor college students are represented by …………….

Solution: In rectangle no. 2 but not in 1 and 3 and this is represented by the letter F.

c) College students who are dancers but not artists are represented by …………….

Solution: In rectangle no. 1 and 3 but not in rectangle no. 2 and this is represented by the letter D.

d) College students who are artists as well as dancers are represented by ……………

Solution: It means the part which is common to all the three rectangles and this is represented by the letter N.

e) College students who are neither dancers nor artists are represented by …………….

Solution: It means the part, which is inside rectangle no. 1 but not in rectangle no. 2 and in rectangle no. 3. This is represented by the letter M and is the right answer.

EXAMPLE2:Refer to the following diagram and answer the questions given thereafter.

The rectangle represents Married Employees.

The Triangle represents Urban people.

The circle represents Post Gradates.

The square represents Workers.

1. Which of the following statements is true?

A. All married employees are workers.

B. Some married employees are postgraduates as well as workers.

C. All married employees are postgraduates.

D. All workers are married employees but not postgraduates.

Solution: The above cases may be considered as follows:

For statement A to be true, the rectangle should lie inside the square, this is not true, hence A is false.

For statement B to be true there should be a region common to the rectangle, circle and the square. Such a region is 6.Hence B is true.

For statement C to be true, the rectangle should lie inside the circle, so C is false.

For statement D to be true, the square should lie wholly inside the rectangle, with no region common to the circle,this is not true. So D is false.

2. Which of the following statement is true?

A. All urban people are postgraduates.

B. All workers are married employees but not urban people.

C. All married employees all workers.

D. Some urban people are not postgraduates.

Solution: For the validity of condition A, the triangle should lie inside the circle. This is not true.

So, A is false.

For the validity of statement B, there should be a region which is common to the square and the rectangle but is not apart of the triangle. Since no such region exists, B is false.

For the validity of statement C, the rectangle should lie inside the square. This is not true. So C is false.

For the validity of statement D, do me region of the triangle should lie outside the circle. Since this is true.

3. Choose the correct statement:

A. Some workers are married employees.

B. No worker is urban people.

C. All postgraduates are urban people.

D. All postgraduates are married employees.

Solution: For the validity of statement A, there should be a region common to the square and rectangle. Such regions are 6 and 7. So, A is true.

Further, for statement B to be true,there should be no region common to the square and the triangle. But since the square lies wholly inside the triangle, B is false.

For statement c) to be true, circle should lie inside the triangle. Clearly, C is false.

For the validity of statement d), the circle should lie inside the rectangle. Clearly Dis false.